LSAT-Section-1-Logical-Reasoning – Section One : Logical Reasoning

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Showing 334–336 of 430 questions

Question 334

Dana: It is wrong to think that the same educational methods should be used with all children. Many children have been raised in more communal environments than others and would therefore learn better through group, rather than individual, activities. A child's accustomed style of learning should always dictate what method is used.

Pat: No, not always. The flexibility of being able to work either on one's own or in a group is invaluable in a world where both skills are in demand.

The conversation lends the most support to the claim that Dana and Pat disagree on which one of the following?

Select an option, then click Submit answer.

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All children can learn valuable skills from individual activities.
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All children should learn to adapt to various educational methods.
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Many children would learn better through group, rather than individual, activities.
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The main purpose of education is to prepare children to meet the demands of the job market as adults.
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It is sometimes desirable to tailor educational methods to the way a child learns best.

Reference / correct answer:

All children should learn to adapt to various educational methods.

Next up is a Point-At-Issue question, so understanding (and sticking to!) to the scope is all-important. Dana’s point comes through loud and clear in her first sentence: The idea that educational methods should be uniform for all children is wrong. According to her, what a child is used to should determine how the child is taught, and the example given is that children raised in group environments would benefit more from group, as opposed to individual, instruction. Pat disagrees immediately, asserting that the skills picked up from both individual and group instruction are crucial in the real world. So essentially he takes issue with the word “always” in Dana’s argument; he thinks, for practical purposes, learning should not always be geared to methods to which children are most accustomed. Option [All children should learn to…] gets at the heart of this conflict. Pat would agree that children should learn to adapt to different teaching methods; that’s right in line with his notion of “flexibility” that’s “invaluable” out there in the real world. Dana would see option [All children should learn to…] and say “phooey! – children shouldn’t have to adapt; they should be taught however they’re most comfortable.

Question 335

Experimental psychology requires the application of statistics to interpret empirical data and assess their significance. A person will not be able to understand such applications without training in statistics. Therefore, the more training one has in statistics, the better one will be at research in experimental psychology.

Which one of the following arguments exhibits a flawed pattern of reasoning most similar to that exhibited by the argument above?

Select an option, then click Submit answer.

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Most people need the love and support of others; without it, they become depressed and unhappy. Therefore, in most instances, the more love and support a person receives, the happier that person will be.
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Since in most jobs there are annual wage or salary increases, the longer one has worked, the more raises one will have received. Therefore, in a typical job, the longer one has worked, the greater one's income will be.
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The main cause of heart attacks is arteriosclerosis, the buildup of plaque on the interior wall of the coronary arteries. It develops over an extended period of time. Therefore, if one is at risk for arteriosclerosis, one becomes more likely to suffer a heart attack as one gets older.
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Since many disease processes are biochemical in nature, unless one understands chemistry one will not be able to understand the explanations for many diseases. Therefore, if one has no training in chemistry, one will not be able to master medicine.
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Since most disease processes are biochemical in nature, an understanding of chemistry will enable one to understand most diseases. Therefore, one needs little more than training in chemistry to be able to master medicine.

Reference / correct answer:

Most people need the love and support of others; without it, they become depressed and unhappy. Therefore, in most instances, the more love and support a person receives, the happier that person will be.

Here’s the first, and only pure Parallel Reasoning question of the section – although, as mentioned above, has a definite Parallel Reasoning feel to it. Mimic the flaw is our task, and let’s see, as always, if isolating the conclusion can be of any help. And it’s not hard to find, signaled by the trusty Keyword “Therefore…” Paraphrased in general terms (which is how we always want to treat the conclusion in Parallel Reasoning questions), the last sentence says that the more of a certain thing you have, the better you’ll be at something else. Options [Most people need the love and support of…] and [Since in most jobs there are annual wage or…] are passable on this front, including as they do a “more X, more Y” style of reasoning, but the rest don’t conform at all: option [The main cause of heart attacks is arteriosclerosis…] is element of likelihood has no counterpart in the original. Option [Since many disease processes are biochemical in…] is “no training” doesn’t match “more training” in the stimulus, and this option is conclusion about what will not happen is also out of place. Option [Since most disease processes are biochemical in nature, an understanding…] is conclusion, meanwhile, deals with what’s required to do something, which also doesn’t conform to the passage conclusion’s “more/better” structure.

But there is a “requirement” element in the evidence, and that helps us to differentiate between the right answer and the fourth loser. The most glaring element of the first sentence is that one thing requires another, and comparing options [Most people need the love and support of…] and [Since in most jobs there are annual wage or…]., only the first contains this element – people need love and support. The second describes a typical consequence of an activity(working), but that’s not the same thing. Options [Most people need the love and support of…] is the only choice that mimics the two main elements of the passage: the “more/better” structure of the conclusion, and the notion of necessity in the evidence.

Question 336

Some vegetarians have argued that there are two individually sufficient reasons for not eating meat – one based on health considerations, and the other based on the aversion to living at the expense of other conscious creatures. But suppose that eating meat were essential to good health for humans. Then it would be less clear that an aversion to living at the expense of other conscious creatures is enough of a reason to stop eating meat.

Which one of the following most accurately describes the role played in the argument by the supposition that eating meat is essential to good health?

Select an option, then click Submit answer.

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It is used to disprove the vegetarian position that we should not eat meat,
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It is used to show that the two types of reasons cited in favor of vegetarianism are independent.
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It is used to disprove the claim that a vegetarian diet is healthy.
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It is used to weaken the claim that the consciousness of animals is a sufficient reason for not eating meat.
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It is used to show that there is no sufficient reason for not eating meat.

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