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LSAT-Section-1-Logical-Reasoning – Section One : Logical Reasoning

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Showing 355–357 of 430 questions

Question 355

Expert witness: Ten times, and in controlled circumstances, a single drop of the defendant's blood was allowed to fall onto the fabric. And in all ten cases, the stained area was much less than the expected 9.5 cm2. In fact, the stained area was always between 4.5 and 4.8 cm2. I conclude that a single drop of the defendant's blood stains much less than 9.5 cm2 of the fabric.

Which one of the following, if true, most undermines the value of the evidence for the expert witness's conclusion?

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    If similar results had been found after 100 test drops of the defendant's blood, the evidence would be even stronger.
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    Expert witnesses have sometimes been known to fudge their data to accord with the prosecution's case.
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    In an eleventh test drop of the defendant's blood, the area stained was also less than 9.5cm2 – this time staining 9.3 cm2.
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    Another person's blood was substituted, and in otherwise identical circumstances, stained between 9.8 and 10.6 cm2 of the fabric.
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    Not all expert witnesses are the authorities in their fields that they claim to be.
Question 356

The use of space-based satellites to study environmental conditions on Earth is an important development in the conservation movement's history. Environmental problems may now be observed long before they otherwise would be noticed, allowing for intervention before they reach the crisis stage. It is no wonder that environmentalists fail to consider both that spacecraft may damage the ozone layer and that this damage could be serious enough to warrant discontinuing spaceflight.

The reasoning above most closely conforms to which one of the following principles?

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    People tend to ignore possible objectionable consequences of actions that support their activities.
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    A negative consequence of an activity may be outweighed by its great positive consequences.
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    Technology usually has at least some negative impact on the environment, even if it is largely beneficial.
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    Even well-intentioned attempts to solve problems sometimes make them worse.
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    Attempts to employ technology often have unforeseen consequences that may be negative.
Question 357

Historian: The spread of literacy informs more people of injustices and, in the right circumstances, leads to increased capacity to distinguish true reformers from mere opportunists. However, widespread literacy invariably emerges before any comprehensive system of general education; thus, in the interim, the populace is vulnerable to clever demagogues calling for change. Consequently, some relatively benign regimes may ironically be toppled by their own "enlightened" move to increase literacy.

Which one of the following is an assumption on which the historian's argument depends?

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    A demagogue can never enlist the public support necessary to topple an existing regime unless a comprehensive system of general education is in place.
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    Without literacy there can be no general awareness of the injustice in a society.
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    Any comprehensive system of general education will tend to preserve the authority of benign regimes.
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    A lack of general education affects the ability to differentiate between legitimate and illegitimate calls for reform.
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    Any benign regime that fails to provide comprehensive general education will be toppled by a clever demagogue.