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LSAT-Section-1-Logical-Reasoning – Section One : Logical Reasoning

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Showing 115–117 of 430 questions

Question 115

Quasars – celestial objects so far away that their light takes at least 500 million years to reach Earth – have been seen since 1963. For anything that far away to appear from Earth the way quasars do, it would have to burn steadily at a rate that produces more light than 90 billion suns would produce. But nothing that burns at a rate that produces that much light could exist for more than about 100 million years.

If the statements above are true, which one of the following must also be true on the basis of them?

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    Instruments in use before 1963 were not sensitive enough to permit quasars to be seen.
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    Light from quasars first began reaching Earth in 1963.
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    Anything that, from Earth appears as bright as a quasar does must produce more light than would be produced by 90 billion suns.
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    Nothing that is as far from Earth as quasars are can continue to exist for more than about 100 million years.
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    No quasar that has ever been seen from Earth exists any longer.
Question 116

Medical researcher: As expected, records covering the last four years of ten major hospitals indicate that babies born prematurely were more likely to have low birth weights and to suffer from health problems than were babies not born prematurely. These records also indicate that mothers who had received adequate prenatal care were less likely to have low birth weight babies than were mothers who had received inadequate prenatal care. Adequate prenatal care, therefore, significantly decreases the risk of low birth weight babies.

Which one of the following, if true, most weakens the medical researcher's argument?

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    The hospital records indicate that many babies that are born with normal birth weights are born to mothers who had inadequate prenatal care.
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    Mothers giving birth prematurely are routinely classified by hospitals as having received inadequate prenatal care when the record of that care is not available.
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    The hospital records indicate that low birth weight babies were routinely classified as having been born prematurely.
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    Some babies not born prematurely, whose mothers received adequate prenatal care, have low birth weights.
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    Women who receive adequate prenatal care are less likely to give birth prematurely than are women who do not receive adequate prenatal care.
Question 117

Formal performance evaluations in the professional world are conducted using realistic situations. Physicians are allowed to consult medical texts freely, attorneys may refer to law books and case records, and physicists and engineers have their manuals at hand for ready reference. Students, then, should likewise have access to their textbooks whenever they take examinations.

The reasoning in the argument is questionable because the argument

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    cites examples that are insufficient to support the generalization that performance evaluations in the professional world are conducted in realistic situations
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    fails to consider the possibility that adopting its recommendation will not significantly increase most students' test scores
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    neglects to take into account the fact that professionals were once students who also did not have access to textbooks during examinations
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    neglects to take into account the fact that, unlike students, professionals have devoted many years of study to one subject
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    fails to consider the possibility that the purposes of evaluation in the professional world and in school situations are quite dissimilar