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LSAT-Section-1-Logical-Reasoning – Section One : Logical Reasoning

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Showing 52–54 of 430 questions

Question 52

Nutritionist: Many people claim that simple carbohydrates are a reasonable caloric replacement for the fatty foods forbidden to those on low-fat diets. This is now in doubt. New studies show that, for many people, a high intake of simple carbohydrates stimulates an overproduction of insulin, a hormone that is involved in processing sugars and starches to create energy when the body requires energy, or, when energy is not required, to store the resulting by-products as fat.

Which one of the following is most strongly supported by the nutritionist's statements?

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    People on low-fat diets should avoid consumption of simple carbohydrates if they wish to maintain the energy that their bodies require.
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    People who produce enough insulin to process their intake of simple carbohydrates should not feel compelled to adopt low-fat diets.
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    People who consume simple carbohydrates should limit their intake of foods high in fat.
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    People who wish to avoid gaining body fat should limit their intake of foods high in simple carbohydrates.
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    People who do not produce an excessive amount of insulin when they consume foods high in simple carbohydrates will not lose weight if they restrict only their intake of these foods.
Question 53

Jean: Our navigational equipment sells for $ 1,100 and dominates the high end of the market, but more units are sold by our competitors in the $700 to $800 range. We should add a low-cost model, which would allow us to increase our overall sales while continuing to dominate the high end.

Tracy: I disagree. Our equipment sells to consumers who associate our company with quality. Moving into the low-cost market would put our competitors in the high-cost market on an equal footing with us, which could hurt our overall sales.

Jean's and Tracy's statements most strongly suggest that they disagree over which one of the following propositions?

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    There is a greater potential for profits in the low- cost market than there is in the high-cost market.
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    The proposed cheaper model, if it were made available, would sell to customers who would otherwise be buying the company's present model.
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    The company could dominate the low-cost market in the same way it has dominated the high-cost market.
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    The company would no longer dominate the high- cost market if it began selling a low-cost model.
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    Decreased sales of the high-cost model would result in poor sales for the proposed low-cost model.
Question 54

The symptoms of hepatitis A appear no earlier than 60 days after a person has been infected. In a test of a hepatitis A vaccine, 50 people received the vaccine and 50 people received a harmless placebo. Although some people from each group eventually exhibited symptoms of hepatitis A, the vaccine as used in the test is completely effective in preventing infection with the hepatitis A virus.

Which one of the following, if true, most helps resolve the apparent discrepancy in the information above?

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    The placebo did not produce any side effects that resembled any of the symptoms of hepatitis A.
    Now, it’s not surprising that members of the placebo group may have contracted the disease; after all, they weren’t vaccinated. But how could the members of the group that received the vaccine exhibit symptoms of hepatitis if we’re told the vaccine is completely effective in preventing it? Try to answer that yourself, and then look to the answer choices for a similar explanation. Option [The vaccinated people who…] is correct because it gives a perfectly logical explanation: the people who exhibited symptoms contracted hepatitis before they were vaccinated. Remember, the stimulus tells us that the symptoms appear no earlier than 60 days after a person has been infected. Therefore, if a person were infected on day 1, and received the vaccine on day 10, we would expect that person to exhibit symptoms sometime after he or she was vaccinated.
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    More members of the group that had received the placebo recognized their symptoms as symptoms of hepatitis A than did members of the group that had received the vaccine.
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    The people who received the placebo were in better overall physical condition than were the people who received the vaccine.
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    The vaccinated people who exhibited symptoms of hepatitis A were infected with the hepatitis A virus before being vaccinated.
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    Of the people who developed symptoms of hepatitis A, those who received the vaccine recovered more quickly, on average, than those who did not.