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LSAT-Section-1-Logical-Reasoning – Section One : Logical Reasoning

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Showing 373–375 of 430 questions

Question 373

The importance of the ozone layer to terrestrial animals is that it entirely filters out some wavelengths of light but lets others through. Holes in the ozone layer and the dangers associated with these holes are well documented. However, one danger that has not been given sufficient attention is that these holes could lead to severe eye damage for animals of many species.

Which one of the following is most strongly supported by the statements above, if they are true?

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    All wavelengths of sunlight that can cause eye damage are filtered out by the ozone layer, where it is intact.
    is unwarranted because we have no information that all of the sunlight that might potentially damage the eyes is filtered out. The stimulus leaves room for a lot of other waves of sunlight that may harm the eyes.
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    Few species of animals live on a part of the earth's surface that is not threatened by holes in the ozone layer.
    is way too comprehensive; the stimulus doesn’t deal explicitly with the density of species distribution across the earth. The issue of immunity to eye damage through sunlight [Some species of animals have…] never comes up; and if nothing else, the word “most” kills option [A single wavelength of sunlight…] – nothing in the stimulus refers to the majority of anything.
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    Some species of animals have eyes that will not suffer any damage when exposed to unfiltered sunlight.
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    A single wavelength of sunlight can cause severe damage to the eyes of most species of animals.
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    Some wavelengths of sunlight that cause eye damage are more likely to reach the earth's surface where there are holes in the ozone layer than where there are not.
Question 374

Some people claim that the reason herbs are not prescribed as drugs by licensed physicians is that the medical effectiveness of herbs is seriously in doubt. No drug can be offered for sale, however, unless it has regulatory-agency approval for medicinal use in specific illnesses or conditions. It costs about $200 million to get regulatory-agency approval for a drug, and only the holder of a patent can expect to recover such large expenses. Although methods of extracting particular substances from herbs can be patented, herbs themselves and their medicinal uses cannot be. Therefore, under the current system licensed physicians cannot recommend the medicinal use of herbs.

The argument depends on the assumption that

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    the medical ineffectiveness of many herbs a streatments for specific illnesses or conditions is well established
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    the only time a substance is properly used as a drug is when it is prescribed as a drug by a licensed physician
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    a licensed physician cannot recommend the medicinal use of an herb unless that herb is offered for sale as a drug
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    some other substances, besides herbs, are not available as drugs because the illnesses they could effectively treat are too uncommon to allow those substances to be marketed profitably as drugs
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    the cost of medical care would be substantially reduced if faster ways of obtaining regulatory-agency approval for new drugs could be found
Question 375

Some people claim that the reason herbs are not prescribed as drugs by licensed physicians is that the medical effectiveness of herbs is seriously in doubt. No drug can be offered for sale, however, unless it has regulatory-agency approval for medicinal use in specific illnesses or conditions. It costs about $200 million to get regulatory-agency approval for a drug, and only the holder of a patent can expect to recover such large expenses. Although methods of extracting particular substances from herbs can be patented, herbs themselves and their medicinal uses cannot be. Therefore, under the current system licensed physicians cannot recommend the medicinal use of herbs.

Which one of the following most accurately describes the argumentative technique used in the argument?

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    questioning a claim about why something is the case by supplying an alternative explanation
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    attacking the validity of the data on which a competing claim is based
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    revealing an inconsistency in the reasoning used to develop an opposing position
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    identifying all plausible explanations for why something is the case and arguing that all but one of them can be eliminated
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    testing a theory by determining the degree to which a specific situation conforms to the predictions of that theory